Explain the process of natural selection and how it contributes to the evolution and adaptation of species.

Natural selection is a process that occurs in nature where individuals with certain advantage ous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce , passing on those traits to their off spring . Over time , this results in the evolution and adaptation of species . \n \n The process of natural selection can be broken down into three main components : variation , inherit ance , and selection . Vari ation refers to the genetic differences between individuals within a population . In her it ance refers to the passing on of traits from parents to off spring . Selection refers to the process by which certain traits become more or less common in a population based on their impact on survival and reprodu ction . \n \n Over time , natural selection can lead to the development of new species as populations adapt to their environment . For example , a population of birds living in an area with large , hard seeds may develop stronger , larger be aks over time , as individuals with those traits are better able to survive and reproduce . \n \n It ' s important to note that natural selection is not a conscious or intent ional process , but rather a result of the natural world . Additionally , natural selection is not always positive or beneficial , as it can also lead to the ext inction of species that are unable to adapt to their environment . </s>