What are the main methods used by car manufacturers to reduce emissions in their ICE cars besides trying to lower the amount of fuel the engine uses?

There are several methods that car manufact ur ers use to reduce em issions in their internal comb ust ion engine ( ICE ) cars besides trying to lower the amount of fuel the engine uses . Some of these methods include : \n \n 1 . Im pro ving engine efficiency : Man ufact ur ers can improve the efficiency of the engine by using advanced techn ologies such as direct injection , tur bo charg ing , and variable val ve timing . These techn ologies help to improve comb ust ion and reduce em issions . \n 2 . Using cleaner fu els : Man ufact ur ers can reduce em issions by using cleaner fu els such as gas oline with higher oct ane ratings or dies el with lower sul fur content . \n 3 . Red uc ing exhaust em issions : Man ufact ur ers can reduce em issions by using advanced exhaust systems that include catal yt ic conver ters , dies el partic ulate filters , and lean NO x tra ps . These systems help to reduce harm ful em issions such as carbon mon ox ide , nit ro gen ox ides , and partic ulate matter . \n 4 . Hy brid and electric vehicles : Man ufact ur ers are also developing hy brid and electric vehicles that use batter ies or fuel cells to power the vehicle . These vehicles produce zero em issions and are therefore much cleaner than traditional I CE vehicles . \n 5 . Using alternative materials : Man ufact ur ers can reduce em issions by using alternative materials in the manufact uring process . For example , they may use rec yc led materials in the production of vehicle components , which reduces the need for raw materials and energy . \n \n Over all , there are many different methods that car manufact ur ers can use to reduce em issions in their I CE cars . By using a combination of these methods , they can create to improve the environmental performance of their vehicles and reduce their impact on the planet . </s>